DELHI THE CAPITAL

Queen Victoria The first empress of British rule in India 

Takh Te Taus

DELHI THE CAPITAL OF INDIA.THIS CITY HAS A VERY LONG AND VAST HISTORY.IT IS SAID TO BE KNOWN AS INDRAPARSTHA AT THE TIME OF MAHABHARAT WHEN PANDAVS MADE IT THERE CAPITAL ON THE WEST SIDE OF YAMUNA BANK.DELHI HAS VAST CULTURE  AS PEOPLE FROM ALL OVER INDIA LIVES HERE.HINDU MUSLIMS SIKH BENGALI PUNJABIS THOSE WHO COME FROM PAKISTAN AFTER PARTITION  AND CHRISTIAN ETC. ALL  ARE  LIVING HERE AS VARIETY OF FLOWERS GLITTERS IN A BOUQUET.HINDU CELEBRATES EID WITH MUSLIMS AND MUSLIMS CELEBRATES DIWALI WITH HINDUS.ALL RELIGION USED TO BE IN MILL FROM CENTURIES HERE.DELHI HAS BLURRED HISTORY BEFORE SEVENTH CENTURY AS MUSLIM INVADORS DESTROY ALL THE LITERATURE FROM THE PAST TO CAPTURE THEIR SUPREMACY. FROM 736 AD TO 1180AD IT WAS RULED BY TOMAR DYNASTY WHICH IS SAID TO BE DESCENDENT OF ARJUN OF MAHABHARAT.  DELHI WAS ALWAYS CORE OF POLITICAL ACTIVITIES. FROM 7TH TO 19 TH CENTURY IT WAS RULED BY ELEVEN DYNASTIES  AND 50 KINGS.WE BEGAN WITH 7TH CENTURY TOMAR DYNASTY. IT SAID TO BE CALLED DEVALI OR DILLIKA AT THAT TIME.ANANGPAL TOMAR RULED DELHI FROM THE YEAR 736 MADE  LAL COURTFORT WHICH WAS SITUATED IN SOUTH DELHI.ANANG PAL TOMAR'S NAME IS ALSO WRITTEN ON IRON PILLAR OF DELHI SITUATES AT KUTUB COMPLEX NEAR KUTUB MINAR.AFTER THE DEATH OF THE LAST DESCENDANT OF TOMAR DYNASTY ANANGPAL TOMAR 2.DELHI WAS HANDED OVER TO PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN THE SON OF ANANGPAL'S DAUGHTER. PRITHVIRAJ  WAS  AT  THAT TIME RULING AJMER.HE RULED DELHI FOR ABOUT 12 YEARS FROM 1180 TO 1192. PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN WAS A VERY BRAVE  KING.HE WAS SMART AND A GREAT WARRIOR.HE PREDICT THE ATTACK FROM MOHOMAD GAURI.THATS WHY HE UNITES ALL THE RAJPUT KINGS UNDER HIS BANNER TO FIGHT MOHOMAD GAURI THE INVADER FROM IRAN.HE HAD DEFEATED GAURI BUT MADE A MISTAKE BY LEAVING HIM ALIVE.MOHOMAD GAURI REPETIVELY ATTACKED DELHI BUT CANT CONQUERED PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN. THE MILITARY POWER OF PRITHVIRAJ AND GAURI WAS ALMOST SAME BUT HINDU RAJPUT FOUGHT WITH ETHICS AND LAWS BUT MUSLIM INVADERS FOUGHT ONLY FOR WIN BY HOOK OR BY CROOK.GAURI'S ARMY DID NOT FOLLOWS ANY LAWS OF WAR.IN 1192 MOHOMAD GAURI AGAIN INVADED DELHI ON THE EMPIRE OF PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN.  THIS TIME GAURI DEFEATED PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN AS CHAUHAN HAD NO SUPPORT FROM OTHER RAJPUT KINGS. THIS WAS THE LAST HINDU REGIME  AND THE BEGINNING OF THE MUSLIM RULE IN INDIA.AFTER LOOTING DELHI'S TREASURE MOHOMAD GAURI GAVE THE THRONE TO SLAVE QUTUB UD DIN AIBAK .QUTUB UD DIN WAS SLAVE ONCE BY HIS HARD WORKING QUTUB UD DIN BECAME SOLIDIER AND FROM THERE HE BECAME ARMY HEAD OF GAURI 'S ARMY.THIS WAS THE BEGINNING OF SLAVE DYNASTY RULE ON DELHI SULTANATE. IN THIS DYNASTY RAZIA SULTANA WAS THE FIRST LADY TO RULE DELHI FOR ABOUT 4 YEARS. SHE SAID TO BE ONLY LADY RULER OF DELHI.IN THE MEAN TIME IN NORTH EAST ASIA THE MANGOLIANS WERE GAINING UNDER THEIR FOUNDER RULE CHANGEZ KHAN CHANGEZ KHAN ATTACKED ON DELHI BUT SLAVE DYNASTY WAS CAPABLE OF STOPPING THEM. BUT AFTER THE DEATH OF SHAMS UD DIN ILLTUTMISH THE THIRD KING OF SLAVE DYNASTY HIS SUCCESSOR ARE WEAK AND NOT CAPABLE OF RULING DELHI.THATS WHY DELHI SULTANATE GONE IN THE HANDS OF JALLA UD DIN KHILJI.KHILJI WERE TURKS FROM AFGHANISTAN.  BUT IN QUICK TIME JALLA UD DIN WAS KILLED BY ALLA UD DIN KHILJI AND CAPTURED DELHI .ALLA UD DIN KHILJI WAS VERY POWERFUL KING.HE SPREAD HIS KINGDOM TO THE MADURAI IN SOUTH INDIA.HE THE ALLA UD DIN KHILJI CAPTURED GUJRAT  MEWAR MALWA JALORE RANTHAMBOR ALSO. HE ALSO INCREASE FINANCES BY TRADE DEVELOPMENT WITH OTHER COUNTRIES. HE BRINGS FREE MARKET POLICY TO REDUCE PRICES OF ESSENTIAL GOODS.  HE ALSO WAS SUCCESSFUL IN KEEPING MANGOLIANS AWAY FROM INVADING INDIA. BUT AFTER THE DEATH OF ALLA UD DIN KHILJI THE KHILJI DYNASTY CAN'T LAST LONG.IN 1320 TUGLAQS FROM TURKEY INVADED INDIA AND GHYASU UD DIN BECAME THE KING FROM TUGLAQ DYNASTY. UNDER TUGLAQ DYNASTY THERE WERE MANY GOOD SOCIAL REFORMS IN INDIA. THE MAIN FAILURE OF TUGLAQS WAS THEY COULDN'T STOP MAGOLIANS INVASION. TAIMUR LANG THE GENERAL OF MANGOLIANS ARMY AFTER CAPTURING PERSIA AFGHANISTAN AND MULTAN INVADED INDIAFROM PUNJAB WHERE HE  HAD CONFRONTATION WITH SIKHS AND AAHIRS. BUT THEY FAILED TO STOP TAIMUR.FROM THERE TAIMUR STEPPED FORWARD TOWARDS DELHI.THE THEN TUGLAQ SULTAN ON SEEING TAIMUR COMING RAN AWAY TO GUJRAT.  TAIMUR LOOTED DELHI HIS SOLDIERS PERFORMED LOOT RAPE MURDERS IN  DELHI AND WHILE GOING BACK THEY DESTROYED NORTHERN INDIA CITIES HARIDWAR JAMMU  KANGRA.  IT IS SAID THAT TAIMUR DESTROYED DELHI SO RUTHLESSLY THAT IT TOOK HUNDRED YEARS TO RECOVER. ON HIS WAY BACK IN 1414 TAIMUR HANDED OVER DELHI'S THORNE TO KHIZR KHAN A FORMER GOVERNOR OF MULTAN .IT WAS CALLED SAYYIDS DYNASTY .. YOU ARE THINKING WHY ALL THE AFGANS MANGOLS AND IRANIAN ATTACKED DELHI .THIS WAS BECAUSE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF DELHI. IT IS CENTRALLY LOCATED .IT HAS ROUTES TOWARDS SOUTHERN INDIA  AND MIDDLE EAST ASIA. THE LAST KING OF SAYYID DYNASTY ALAM SHAH IN 1451 HANDED OVER DELHI THORNE TO LODHIS WITHOUT ANY RESISTANCE.(LODHI DYNASTY RULED INDIA FROM TO 1451 TO 1526 ). THE FIRST SULTAN OF LODHI DYNASTY WAS BAHLUL LODHI. SIKANDER LODHI THE SECOND SULTAN OF LODHI DYNASTY HAD ENCOURAGED AGRICULTURE AND TRADE WHICH RESULTED IN ECONOMIC PROSPERITY OF INDIA. HE ALSO GOT INDIAN HOLY BOOKS TRANSLATED IN PERSIAN LANGUAGE .THE LAST KING OF LODHI DYNASTY IBRAHIM LODHI WAS DEFEATED BY BABAR FROM  MUGHAL EMPIRE IN 1526 AT PANIPAT WAR.YOU ARE THINKING FROM WHERE  DID MUGHALS  CAME  FROM.FOR THIS WE HAVE TO GO 150 YEARS BACK FROM PANIPAT WAR. DOYOU REMEMBER TAIMUR LANG AND CHANGAIJ  KHAN THE MANGOLIANS. THE BABAR WAS DESCENDANT OF TAIMUR AND CHANGAIJ KHAN.MUGHAL EMPIRE RULED INDIA FROM 1526 TO 1857 .BABAR USED CANONS AGAINST LODHI IN PANIPAT. CANONS WERE USED FIRST TIME IN INDIA AT THIS BATTLE FIELD .BUT IN THEIR FIRST INNINGS COULD  RULE  FOR ONLY 14 YEARS AS THE HUMAYUN THE SON OF BABAR WAS NOT SO CAPABLE IN ADMINISTRATION AND LOOSE THE THORNE OF DELHI TO SHER SHAH SURI.SURI ( FROM AFGHANISTAN) RULED FROM 1540 TO 1556 SHER SHAH SURI IMPROVED CIVIL AND THE MILITARY ADMINISTRATION OF INDIA.HE HAD MADE GT ROAD FROM CALCUTTA TO LAHORE AND PURANA QUILLA IN JUST UNDER HIS 5 YEARS RULE.THE CURRENT CURRENCY RUPEE WAS INTRODUCED BY SHER SHAH SURI .SILVER COINS OF RUPEE WAS MADE UNDER HIS RULE. BUT IN A GUN POWDER EXPLOSION SHER SHAH SURI DIED IN 1545.THE SUCCESSORS OF SHER SHAH SURI WERE NOT SO CAPABLE AND KNOWING THIS HUMANYUN AGAIN ATTACKED DELHI AND GOT SUCCEEDED IN HOISTING HIS MUGHAL EMPIRE'S FLAG IN DELHI.AFTER THIS FOR ABOUT 300 YEARS MUGHALS RULED INDIA.THE SUCCESSORS OF HUMANYUN WERE AKBAR,JAHANGIR,SHAHANJAH,AND AURANGJEB,BHAHDUR SHAH JAFAR.BUT IN ALL OF MUGHAL SULTANS AKBAR WAS THE BEST AND MOST SUCCESSFUL. AKBAR NOT ONLY CAPTURED THE THORNE BUT ALSO THE HEARTS OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE. HE RULED BY COLLABORATING WITH RAJPUTS  AND EVEN GOT MARRIED TO JODHA THE RAJPUT PRINCESS.AFTER MARRIAGE HE DID NOT FORCE JODHA TO CONVERT INTO ISLAM.NOT ONLY THIS HE MADE  A  PALACE  FOR HER WITH A TEMPLE IN IT  AT FATEHPUR SIKRI NEAR AGRA.AKBAR RULED INDIA FOR 50 YEARS. HE ALSO ESTABLISHED A NEW RELIGION CALLED DIN E ILLAHI OR DIVINE FAITH WAS A SYNCRETIC RELIGION IN 1582.THIS RELIGION DID NOT GOT SO POPULAR AT THAT TIME. AS IT HAD ONLY 21 FOLLOWERS. SHAHJAHAN GOT CONSTRUCTED RED FORT AND TAJ MAHAL UNDER HIS REGIME. AFTER SHAHJAHAN HIS SON AURANGJEB HAD TO FACE SIKHS AND MARATHA REBELLION.IN THAT PERIOD THE INVASION FROM WESTERN WORLD AGAIN STARTED AS NADIR SHAH FROM PERSIA  LOOTED DELHI RUTHLESSLY. HE LOOTED TAKH TE TAUS THE THORNE MADE OF GOLD AND COST ABOUT 6 CRORES AT THAT TIME. AFTER THE DEMISE OF NADIR SHAH TAKH A TAUS WAS NOT FOUND TILL TODAY.INDIAN GOVERNMENT TODAY IS ALSO INVESTIGATING FOR TAKH TE TAUS BUT HAVE NO CLUE.AHMED SHAH DURANI FROM AFGHANISTAN ALSO LOOTED DELHI AT THE TIME OF MUGHAL REGIME.THESE WERE THE ALSO SOME OF THE REASON FOR MUGHAL REGIME'S DECAY.IN ABOUT 18000CE MUGHAL REGIME WAS ONLY OF THE NAME. BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY WHICH  HAD CAME HERE IN INDIA FOR TRADE OF TEA OPIUM AND CLOTHES ETC. BRITISH FIRST LANDED ON GUJRAT PORT ABOUT IN 16000CE. BUT MUGHALS COULDN'T ACCESS THE  DESIRES OF BRITISH.  BRITISH MADE ADVANTAGE OF LACK OF UNITY AND COMMUNICATION AMONG THE INDIAN KINGS.

ONE CAN SAY THERE WAS NOT A SINGLE COMMAND THAT WAS THE REASON OF APATHY. BHAGAT SINGH WHEN HE WAS GOING TO BE HANGED HAD WRITTEN " BRITISH RULE IN INDIA IS RESULT OF OUR WEAKNESS AND LACK OF COURAGE AND ABOVE ALL BECAUSE OF APATHY." IN 1857 THERE WAS A REVOLT AGAINST BRITISH INDIANS DECLARE BHAHDUR SHAH JAFAR THEIR KING. BUT BRITISH WERE ABLE TO DOMINATE AS INDIAN KINGS COULDN'T UNITE AGAINST THEM.BRITISH SEND BHAHDURSHAH JAFAR TO BURMA AND CAPTURED THE DELHI THORNE AND HAD STARTED DIRECTLY RULING INDIA. QUEEN VICTORIA BECAME THE FIRST EMPRESS IN BRITISH RULE.CALCUTTA WAS CAPITAL OF INDIA TILL 1911. BUT AFTER THAT BRITISH MADE DELHI THEIR CAPITAL  BRITISH EXPLOITED INDIANS .THEY ENFORCED  UNFAVOURABLE TAXES AND HARD LAWS ON INDIAN PUBLIC. WHICH WAS NOT TOLERABLE FOR INDIANS. A NATION WIDE REVOLT BREAK AGAINST BRITISH UNDER MANY LEADERS LIKE MAHATMA GANDHI  JAWHAR LAL NEHRU SHUBHASH CHANDER BOSE  SARDAR VALLABH BHAI PATEL BHAGAT SINGH  AND MANY MORE.INDIA GOT FREEDOM ON 15 TH  AUGUST 1947 AND JAWHAR LAL NEHRU BECAME FIRST PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA.CHAUDHARY BRAHM PRAKASH YADAV BECAME FIRST CHIEF MINISTER OF DELHI  IN 1952. THIS WAS THE STORY OF DELHI'S HISTORY. DELHI IS STILL PROSPERING AND CREATING HISTORY AND WILL CONTINUE TO DO IT. GHALIB HAD SAYING  "KAUN JAYE GHALIB DILLI KI GALIYA CHOR KE" MEANS WHO ONCE LIVE HERE IN DELHI CAN'T LEFT .